When we say we need a littleretailtherapy, just about everyone can relate to the sheer joy that buying a little something for yourself brings.
Advertisem*nt
Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Policy
But does shopping really help us feel better?
Yes, in fact it does, says clinical psychologistScott Bea, PsyD. “Research suggests there’s actually a lot of psychological and therapeutic value when you’re shopping — if done in moderation, of course,” he says.
“Whether you’re adding items to your shopping cart online or visiting your favorite boutique for a few hours, you do get a psychological and emotional boost.” he adds. “Even window shopping or online browsing can bring brain-fueled happiness. But again, you want to make sure it doesn’t get out of hand.”
According to Dr. Bea, there are many reasons why.
Shopping restores a sense of control
Research has shown that making shopping decisions can help reinforce a sense of personal control over our environment. It can also ease feelings of sadness.
A 2014study from the Journal of Consumer Psychologyfound thatretailtherapynot only makes people happier immediately, but it can also fightlingering sadness.
According to the study, sadness is generally associated with a sense that situations are in control of the outcomes in our life, rather than life being in our own hands. The choices and outcomes inherent in the act of shopping can restore a feeling of personal control and autonomy. This is true forresidual sadness we may be feelingas well.
Another 2014studyby University of Michigan showed that purchasing things you personally enjoy can be up to 40 times more effective at giving you a sense of control than not shopping. In this study, those who actually purchased items were also three times less sad, when compared to those who only browsed.
“The study suggests that when you’re feeling as if things aren’t going your way, getting exactly what you want can feel like a positive personal achievement,” Dr. Bea says.
Visualization distracts us from anxiety
Shopping also stimulates the senses.
“The smell of something new, the bright lights and colorful displays combine to create an imaginative, sensory experience that can remove us from our own reality, even for a little while,” Dr. Bea says. “This translates online, too — those perfectly merchandized, personally curated online products can get our imagination going as we project ourselves in satisfying environments.”
Advertisem*nt
“Shopping and its sensory stimulation gets us to visualize positive outcomes,” Dr. Bea says. “Athletes, for example, have also found that this type of visualization can create positive anticipation and can reduce anxiety.”
Dopamine is released even before a purchase is made
As Dr. Bea points out, just browsing, scrolling or window shopping (but not buying something) can positively impact your mood. It’s this simple anticipation of the eventual possibility of a reward or treat that releases dopamine — the hormone neurotransmitter in your brain that makes you feel good.
Dopamine increases your desire to continue to seek out things that make you feel good (henceretailtherapybeing a favorite go-to!)
“Some think the dopamine is released when you actually get a reward or purchase an item, but it begins before you make a purchaseas you’re delighting in all the possibilities,” he says. “It’s about the wholejourney.”
Moodbenefits fromonline shopping
Dr. Bea gives a great example of release of dopamine earlier in the shopping journey. “Ever fill up an online cart but abandon it because you already feel relativelysatisfied? It’s that,” he says.
You don’t always need to purchase something to feel delight, because you’ve gone through an exciting mental journey already, he adds. In that regard there’s relatively low hazard. Spending less money may be even more rewarding.
Online shopping can also ignitedopamine release in another way — waiting for your package to arrive. Think aboutretailsubscriptions where you may not know exactly what’s being delivered in the box. The unpredictability increases youranticipation. And since the reward is unpredictable, you experience dopamine-fueled excitement.
The psychological perks of saving up
If you’re a fanofretailtherapy, there’s another route to consider. It can also be psychologically therapeutic if you save up for that rewardrather than buying something immediately with a credit card.
Applying the theory of anticipation, saving up for your reward gives you something to look forward to, which creates excitement and a release of dopamine over time.
When shopping becomesa problem
Of course, you want toensure you’re not taking shopping to an extreme. For some, shopping can become a problem. For many, it can becomean addiction.
Shopping shifts from being therapeutic to a problematic compulsive behavior when it becomes a go-to way of dealing with anxiety, stress or loss and when it’s hard to control, Dr. Bea says.
Advertisem*nt
Shopping addiction goes by many other names such as oniomania,compulsive buyingdisorder (CBD),buying-shopping disorder (BSD)and pathological buying. It is estimated about 5% of American consumers exhibit compulsive buying behavior. Compulsive buying has significantly risen in developed economies and through the evolution of online shopping.
“Compulsive shoppers have frequent buying episodes or overpowering urges to purchase items,” Dr. Bea says. “This behavior is linked to feelings of worthlessness in addition to a lack of power.”
Thiscondition has a lot in common with other impulse control disorders like sex addiction andgambling addiction, he adds. There is also similarity between compulsive shopping urges and the high that’ssought after in drug or alcohol addiction. Compulsive shoppers may also experience blackout episodes similar to alcohol-related blackouts, in which the buyer does not recall making purchases.
Signs of a shopaholic
Pay attention if you feel your spending is out of control. Signs of a shopping compulsion include:
- Preoccupation with and difficulty resisting buyingunneeded items.
- Spending a lotof time doing research onitems that may ornot be needed.
- Financial difficulties because of uncontrolled shopping.
- Problems at work, school or home because ofspending that’s gottenout of control.
Therapyand support groups can help if you think you may have a problem, Dr. Bea says—as well as education.
“Shopaholics willbenefit most from learning what hasled to theirbehavior,” he says. “Cutting up your credit cards isn’t going to do it.The focus should be on exploring theunderlying causes,paired with the right kind oftherapy.”
The bottom line is that although behaviors that create excitement can bring us happiness, moderation is the difference between happiness and compulsiveness.
“If you’re concerned about developing a compulsive shopping behavior, try to convert your goal of control to the excitement of a new, positive behavior — like working out or eating healthy,” Dr. Bea suggests. “You’ll be surprised at how happy you can feel working towards those positive results, too.”
